Table 1 Characteristics of the participants

Male

151

374

9.5*10^− 3

Famle

57

223

24-Hour Urine Protein(mg/dL)

105.9(97.9 ~ 113.8)

107.8(102.5 ~ 113.0)

0.71

Age(year)

41.6(40.4 ~ 42.7)

59.2(58.6 ~ 59.9)

2.5*10^− 112

Atherosclerosis(Y/N)

147/61

551/46

2.6*10^− 15

Biguanides(Y/N)

115/93

375/222

0.06

Body Mass index(kg/m²)

24.5(24.1 ~ 25.0)

23.7(23.5 ~ 23.9)

1.5*10^− 4

Diabetes Nephropathy(Y/N)

88/120

266/331

0.57

Diabetes Peripheral Neuropathy(Y/N)

140/68

501/96

3.0*10^− 7

Diabetes Retinopathy(Y/N)

30/178

110/487

0.19

Diastolic Pressure(mmHg)

76.5(75.5 ~ 77.5)

74.4(73.8 ~ 75.0)

5.0*10^− 4

Dipeptide Kallidinogenase Inhibitor IV(Y/N)

14/194

95/502

8.6*10^− 4

Drinking(Y/N)

52/156

109/488

0.04

Family History(Y/N)

99/109

250/347

0.15

Fatty Liver Disease(Y/N)

118/90

218/379

3.6*10^− 7

High density lipoprotein(mmol/L)

1.0(1.0 ~ 1.0)

1.1(1.1 ~ 1.1)

1.7*10^− 4

High-sensitive cardiac troponin(ng/mL)

7.1(6.7 ~ 7.5)

7.3(7.1 ~ 7.6)

0.3

Insulin(Y/N)

45/163

197/400

2.1*10^− 3

Low density lipoprotein(mmol/L)

2.8(2.7 ~ 2.9)

2.6(2.6 ~ 2.7)

3.6*10^− 3

Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio(%)

1.6(1.5 ~ 1.6)

1.6(1.6 ~ 1.7)

0.04

Smoking(Y/N)

86/122

181/416

3.6*10^− 3

Sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitor(Y/N)

32/176

116/481

0.19

Systolic Pressure(mmHg)

116.5(115.2 ~ 117.8)

118.3(117.4 ~ 119.2)

0.03

Triglyceride(mmol/L)

1.6(1.5 ~ 1.6)

1.4(1.4 ~ 1.5)

0.04

Urine microalbumin/Creatinine ratio(%)

6.8(6.2 ~ 7.3)

7.0(6.5 ~ 7.4)

0.61

Vitamin D(ng/ml)

15.6(14.9 ~ 16.4)

16.3(15.8 ~ 16.8)

0.15

Waist-Hip Ratio

0.9(0.9 ~ 0.9)

0.9(0.9 ~ 0.9)

0.56

α Glycosidase inhibitor(Y/N)

38/170

202/395

2.4*10^− 5

White blood cell count(10⁹/L)

6.2(6.0 ~ 6.4)

5.8(5.7 ~ 5.9)

3.4*10^− 4