Association between serum α-klotho levels and the incidence of diabetic kidney disease and mortality in type 2 diabetes: evidence from a Chinese cohort and the NHANES database

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants in Chinese Corhort

Variables	Overall	T2DM	DKD	P value
Variables	(n = 126)	(n = 30)	(n = 96)	P value
Age (years)	59.500 ± 11.290	58.800 ± 11.616	59.719 ± 11.240	0.857
Gender (%)				0.374
Female	46 (36.508%)	13 (43.333%)	33 (34.375%)
Male	80 (63.492%)	17 (56.667%)	63 (65.625%)
BMI (kg/m²)	25.808 ± 3.680	25.591 ± 3.424	25.876 ± 3.771	0.525
SBP (mmHg)	138.889 ± 19.318	134.800 ± 18.357	140.167 ± 19.526	0.159
DBP (mmHg)	78.365 ± 12.462	81.033 ± 14.371	77.531 ± 11.762	0.166
FPG (mmol/L)	10.334 ± 5.392	11.904 ± 4.401	9.843 ± 5.596	0.007
eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²)	61.295 ± 41.165	94.228 ± 16.943	51.003 ± 41.140	< 0.001
CREA (µmol/L)	211.671 ± 221.242	67.640 ± 17.948	256.680 ± 236.027	< 0.001
UA (µmol/L)	381.098 ± 97.354	353.593 ± 91.642	389.693 ± 97.947	0.082
TP (g/L)	66.378 ± 8.246	71.040 ± 6.765	64.906 ± 8.152	< 0.001
ALB (g/L)	38.344 ± 6.366	42.607 ± 3.871	37.011 ± 6.420	< 0.001
TG (mmol/L)	2.282 ± 1.870	2.261 ± 1.941	2.289 ± 1.857	0.921
LDL (mmol/L)	2.847 ± 1.040	2.904 ± 1.101	2.829 ± 1.025	0.798
HDL (mmol/L)	1.208 ± 0.334	1.180 ± 0.272	1.217 ± 0.353	0.870
Cardiovascular disease(%)				0.017
NO	87 (69.048%)	26 (86.667%)	61 (63.542%)
Yes	39 (30.952%)	4 (13.333%)	35 (36.458%)
Serum α-klotho levels(pg/mL)	412.021 ± 191.994	511.957 ± 142.174	380.791 ± 195.429	< 0.001
Serum α-klotho quartile				< 0.001
Q1	32 (25.397%)	0 (0.000%)	32 (33.333%)
Q2	31 (24.603%)	5 (16.667%)	26 (27.083%)
Q3	31 (24.603%)	13 (43.333%)	18 (18.750%)
Q4	32 (25.397%)	12 (40.000%)	20 (20.833%)

BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; CREA, creatinine; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TP, total protein

ISSN: 1758-5996