Table 2 Characteristics of studies that evaluated the effect of FMD on cardiovascular risk factors
Author, Year | Location | Design | Female % | Duration (week) | Enrolment, n | In, n | CTRL, n | Age, mean | Type of intervention | Type of control diet | Cycle (day) | Population | BMI (Kg/m2) mean |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brandhorst et al., [2015] | USA | RP | 42 | 12 | 38 | 19 | 19 | IN (F: 41.8, M:42.5) CTRL (F:35.4, M:38.5) | FMD | Normal diet | 3 (5) | Generally healthy adult | NA |
Wei et al., [2017] | USA | RC | 64 | 12 | 100 | 52 | 48 | IN: 42.2, CTRL: 43.3 | FMD | Normal diet | 3 (5) | Generally healthy adult | 26.6 |
Stefanie de groot et al., [2020] | The Netherlands | RP | 100 | 12 | 81 | 22 | 59 | IN: 49, CTRL: 51 | FMD | Normal diet | 4 (4) | Breast cancer (HER2-negative) | 25.7 |
Tang, Fang et al., [2020] | China | RP | 54 | 16 | 100 | 50 | 50 | IN: 50.02, CTRL: 49.84 | FMD | Meal Replacement | 3 (5) | Type 2 Diabetes | 30.15 |
Lugtenberg et al., [2021] | The Netherlands | RP | 100 | 12 | 74 | 21 | 53 | IN: 49, CTRL: 51 | FMD | Normal diet | 4 (4) | Breast cancer (HER2-negative) | 25.7 |
Sadeghian et al., [2021] | Iran | RP | 100 | 8 | 60 | 30 | 30 | IN: 34.3, CTRL: 31.17 | FMD | Continuous energy restriction | 2 (5) | Metabolically healthy obese women | 33.26 |
Sulaj, Alba et al., [2022] | Germany | RP | 27 | 24 | 40 | 21 | 19 | IN: 64.9, CTRL: 31.17 | FMD | Mediterranean diet | 6 (5) | Type 2 Diabetes & diabetic nephropathy | 30.9 |
Videja, Melita et al., [2022] | Latvia | RP | 65 | 1 | 43 | 24 | 19 | IN: 39, CTRL: 37 | FMD | Normal diet + vegetables | 1 (5) | Generally healthy adult | 28.8 |
Mishra, Amrendra et al., [2023] | USA | RP | 62 | 16 | 84 | 44 | 40 | IN: 54.86, CTRL: 63.13 | FMD | Mediterranean diet | 4 (5) | Overweight and obese hypertensive subjects | 33.93 |
Van der Velden et al., [2024] (a) | The Netherlands | RP2A | 68 | 12 | 28 | 13 | 15 | IN: 61, CTRL: 63 | FMD | Placebo | 3 (5) | Type 2 Diabetes | 28.14 |
Van der Velden et al., [2024] (b) | The Netherlands | RP2A | 77 | 12 | 31 | 13 | 18 | IN: 61, CTRL: 56 | FMD | EndocalyxTM supplement | 3 (5) | Type 2 Diabetes | 29.46 |
Van den Burg et al., [2024] | The Netherlands | RP | 48 | 48 | 82 | 43 | 39 | IN: 62, CTRL: 64 | FMD | NA | 12 (5) | Type 2 Diabetes | 31.3 |