Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants with MetS according to SDOH in NHANES
Variable | Total | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Pvalue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 55.3 ± 0.3 | 57.0 ± 0.4 | 56.8 ± 0.5 | 52.3 ± 0.7 | 49.8 ± 0.5 | < 0.0001 |
Follow-up Time (months) | 87.2 ± 1.3 | 90.7 ± 2.0 | 86.4 ± 1.7 | 83.0 ± 2.0 | 82.4 ± 1.6 | 0.01 |
Follow-up Status, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
Alive | 6173(87.3) | 1905(90.4) | 1912(84.0) | 876(85.2) | 1480(86.8) | |
Deceased | 1193(12.7) | 275(9.6) | 478(16.0) | 178(14.8) | 262(13.2) | |
Sex | < 0.0001 | |||||
Female | 3984(52.2) | 956(43.2) | 1303(56.6) | 613(60.2) | 1112(62.5) | |
Male | 3382(47.8) | 1224(56.8) | 1087(43.4) | 441(39.8) | 630(37.5) | |
Ethnicity, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
Mexican American | 1172(7.7) | 186(3.1) | 324(7.0) | 245(13.3) | 417(17.9) | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 1510(10.1) | 349(5.3) | 505(10.5) | 241(15.1) | 415(18.7) | |
Non-Hispanic White | 3469(72.4) | 1342(85.0) | 1197(72.6) | 407(59.2) | 523(46.7) | |
Other | 1215(9.8) | 303(6.6) | 364(9.8) | 161(12.4) | 387(16.7) | |
Employment, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
Employed, student, retired | 5308(77.4) | 2071(94.5) | 1978(80.6) | 656(59.1) | 603(36.5) | |
Not employed | 2058(22.6) | 109(5.5) | 412(19.4) | 398(40.9) | 1139(63.5) | |
PIR, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
<3 | 4904(53.0) | 392(13.9) | 1803(70.5) | 989(92.0) | 1720(98.1) | |
≥3 | 2462(47.0) | 1788(86.1) | 587(29.5) | 65(8.0) | 22(1.9) | |
Food security, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
Full food security | 5009(75.3) | 2125(97.7) | 1878(78.7) | 600(54.5) | 406(21.6) | |
Marginal, low, or very low | 2357(24.7) | 55(2.3) | 512(21.3) | 454(45.5) | 1336(78.4) | |
Education, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
High school or more | 5311(82.1) | 2109(96.7) | 1852(82.5) | 632(69.3) | 718(50.7) | |
Less than high school | 2055(17.9) | 71(3.3) | 538(17.5) | 422(30.7) | 1024(49.3) | |
Access to healthcare, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
No routine place, or ER/hospital/other | 814(10.0) | 35(1.8) | 152(7.6) | 157(19.2) | 470(30.7) | |
Routine place to go for healthcare | 6552(90.0) | 2145(98.2) | 2238(92.4) | 897(80.8) | 1272(69.3) | |
Health insurance, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
Government or no insurance | 3623(38.1) | 211(9.2) | 977(37.6) | 800(74.6) | 1635(93.1) | |
Private insurance | 3743(61.9) | 1969(90.8) | 1413(62.4) | 254(25.4) | 107(6.9) | |
Housing instability, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
Own home | 4958(73.9) | 2102(96.9) | 1832(74.0) | 573(53.4) | 451(25.3) | |
Rent or other arrangement | 2408(26.1) | 78(3.1) | 558(26.0) | 481(46.6) | 1291(74.7) | |
Marital status, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
Married or living with a partner | 4481(66.0) | 1917(88.4) | 1461(58.1) | 539(49.6) | 564(31.9) | |
Not married nor living with a partner | 2885(34.0) | 263(11.6) | 929(41.9) | 515(50.4) | 1178(68.1) | |
Smoke, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
former | 2273(31.8) | 760(35.1) | 804(34.4) | 306(28.0) | 403(20.3) | |
never | 3719(49.8) | 1208(54.3) | 1207(48.8) | 514(47.2) | 790(41.5) | |
now | 1374(18.3) | 212(10.6) | 379(16.8) | 234(24.8) | 549(38.2) | |
Alcohol user, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
former | 1696(19.9) | 383(15.8) | 595(22.6) | 277(24.6) | 441(22.5) | |
never | 1193(12.1) | 237(8.5) | 376(12.8) | 203(14.5) | 377(19.1) | |
now | 4477(68.0) | 1560(75.7) | 1419(64.6) | 574(60.9) | 924(58.4) | |
BMI, n (%) | 0.2 | |||||
<25 | 437(5.3) | 125(4.9) | 149(5.1) | 54(5.8) | 109(6.2) | |
>29.9 | 4891(68.2) | 1430(67.1) | 1542(68.3) | 722(69.5) | 1197(70.2) | |
25-29.9 | 2038(26.5) | 625(28.0) | 699(26.6) | 278(24.7) | 436(23.6) | |
Hypertension, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
no | 1913(28.3) | 536(25.7) | 584(28.1) | 288(32.8) | 505(32.9) | |
yes | 5453(71.7) | 1644(74.3) | 1806(71.9) | 766(67.2) | 1237(67.1) | |
DM, n (%) | 0.5 | |||||
DM | 2852(32.3) | 780(31.3) | 925(32.7) | 431(33.3) | 716(33.9) | |
no | 4514(67.7) | 1400(68.7) | 1465(67.3) | 623(66.7) | 1026(66.1) | |
Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 0.1 | |||||
no | 436(5.3) | 150(5.8) | 151(5.8) | 55(4.7) | 80(3.7) | |
yes | 6930(94.7) | 2030(94.2) | 2239(94.2) | 999(95.3) | 1662(96.3) | |
Depression, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
no | 6510(89.9) | 2097(95.7) | 2177(90.6) | 916(85.7) | 1320(75.4) | |
yes | 856(10.1) | 83(4.3) | 213(9.4) | 138(14.3) | 422(24.6) | |
Cancer, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
no | 6365(85.3) | 1802(82.2) | 2043(85.9) | 934(87.4) | 1586(91.2) | |
yes | 1001(14.7) | 378(17.8) | 347(14.1) | 120(12.6) | 156(8.8) | |
CCVD, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
no | 5838(81.9) | 1794(84.2) | 1889(81.8) | 821(77.3) | 1334(78.7) | |
yes | 1528(18.1) | 386(15.8) | 501(18.2) | 233(22.7) | 408(21.3) | |
Heart attack, n (%) | 0.4 | |||||
no | 6738(92.7) | 2014(93.0) | 2192(93.0) | 959(91.5) | 1573(91.9) | |
yes | 628(7.3) | 166(7.0) | 198(7.0) | 95(8.5) | 169(8.1) | |
Stroke, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
no | 6855(94.4) | 2091(96.4) | 2203(93.8) | 966(91.5) | 1595(92.2) | |
yes | 511(5.6) | 89(3.6) | 187(6.2) | 88(8.5) | 147(7.8) | |
Congestive heart failure, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
no | 6848(94.1) | 2070(95.7) | 2223(94.1) | 969(91.1) | 1586(91.7) | |
yes | 518(5.9) | 110(4.3) | 167(5.9) | 85(8.9) | 156(8.3) | |
Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 0.4 | |||||
no | 6750(91.8) | 1975(91.2) | 2182(91.9) | 981(92.7) | 1612(93.0) | |
yes | 616(8.2) | 205(8.8) | 208(8.1) | 73(7.3) | 130(7.0) | |
Angina, n (%) | 0.2 | |||||
no | 6967(94.8) | 2071(95.3) | 2265(95.0) | 997(93.8) | 1634(93.8) | |
yes | 399(5.2) | 109(4.7) | 125(5.0) | 57(6.2) | 108(6.2) |