Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 484 cases with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus and their matched referents
From: Elevated levels of PAI-1 precede the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cases n = 484 | Referents n = 484 | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 48.8 ± 7.3 | 48.8 ± 7.3 | matched | ||
Sex, female n (%) | 232 (47.9) | 232 (47.9) | matched | ||
Time to T2DM (years) | 7.6 ± 3.1 | n.a. | |||
BMI, kg/m2 | 29.0 ± 4.5 | 25.3 ± 3.4 | < 0.001 | ||
Family history of T2DM, n (%) | 167 (34.5) | 79 (16.3) | < 0.001 | ||
Smoking, n (%) | 0.012 | ||||
Never | 172 (35.5) | 210 (43.4) | |||
Ever | 312 (64.5) | 274 (56.6) | |||
Physical activity, n (%) | 0.33 | ||||
Active | 208 (43.0) | 223 (46.1) | |||
Inactive | 276 (57.0) | 261 (53.9) | |||
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 137 ± 17.3 | 127 ± 16.5 | < 0.001 | ||
Hypertension, n (%) | 259 (53.5) | 129 (26.7) | < 0.001 | ||
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.9 ± 1.2 | 5.8 ± 1.1 | 0.39 | ||
PAI-1, ng/mL | 66.2 (30.5) | 45.7 (24.4) | < 0.001 | ||
FPG, mmol/L | 5.8 ± 0.7 | 5.4 ± 0.6 | < 0.001 | ||
2-hPG, mmol/L | 7.9 ± 1.9 | 6.5 ± 1.4 | < 0.001 | ||