From: Diabetes and tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analyis of mendelian randomization evidence
Study | Ethnicity | Source | Genetic Instrument | Exposure | Sample Size | Specified Methods | Pleiotropy | Conclusion | OR + CI (IVW) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Study 1 [12] | East Asian | BioBank Japan | 92 SNPs for T2DM | T2DM | 210,865 T2DM (Cases: 40250; Controls: 170615) 424,357 PTB (Cases: 212453; Controls: 211904) | TSMR, 1IVW, MR-Egger | Present | There is a positive causal relationship between T2D and PTB, yet the findings suggest the presence of pleiotropy. | OR 1.24, 95% CI:1.06–1.45 | p < 0.001 |
Study 2 [13] | East Asian | BioBank Japan | 273 SNPs for T2DM | T2DM | 210,865 T2DM (Cases: 40250; Controls: 170,615) 178671 PTB (Cases: 7800; Controls: (170871) | TSMR, Multivariable MR, 1IVW, MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO | Absent | The study confirms a direct causal relationship between T2DM and PTB. | OR 1.219, 95% CI:1.040–1.429 | P = 0.014 |
Study 3 [14] | European | EBI database FinnGen | 74 SNPs for T1DM | T1DM | 520,580 T1DM (18942 cases and 501638 controls) 377,277 PTB (2432 cases and 374845 controls) | 1IVW, Weighted median, MR-Egger | Absent | This bidirectional MR study provided strong evidence of the causal relationship between T1DM and PTB, while the reverse direction indicated no causal associations. | OR 1.07, 95% CI:1.03–1.12 | p < 0.001 |
Study 4 [15] | East Asian | IEU OpenGWAS BioBank Japan | 152 SNPs for T2DM | T2DM | 433540 T2DM (356122 Controls, 77418 cases) 212,453 PTB ( 211904 Controls, 549 cases) | 1IVW, MR-Egger, Weighted median, simple mode, weighted mode, MR-PRESSO | Absent | This study revealed a genetically causal relationship between T2DM and PTB in the East Asian population. The study provides convincing evidence that individuals with T2DM have a higher risk of PTB at the genetic level. | OR 1.191, 95% CI:1.011–1.402 | p = 0.036 |