Table 2 Prescription patterns of the study population
Flash glucose monitoring system (N = 1720) | Blood glucose monitoring system (N = 11,007) | Total (N = 12,727) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Basal insulin prescription | 1441 (83.8%) | 6806 (61.8%) | 8247 (64.8%) | < 0.001 |
Basal insulin class | < 0.001 | |||
Long-acting analog | 765 (53.1%) | 4366 (64.1%) | 5131 (62.2%) | |
Detemir | 18 (2.4%) | 81 (1.9%) | 99 (1.9%) | |
Glargine | 747 (97.6%) | 4285 (98.1%) | 5032 (98.1%) | |
Long-acting analog + GLP1 | 0 (0%) | 1 (0%) | 1 (0%) | |
Glargine + Lixisenatida | 0 (0%) | 1 (100%) | 1 (100%) | |
Ultra-long acting analog | 627 (43.5%) | 967 (14.2%) | 1594 (19.3%) | |
Degludec | 599 (95.5%) | 897 (92.8%) | 1496 (93.9%) | |
Glargine U300 | 28 (4.5%) | 70 (7.2%) | 98 (6.1%) | |
Ultra-long acting analog + GLP1 | 7 (0.5%) | 35 (0.5%) | 42 (0.5%) | |
Degludec + Liraglutida | 7 (100%) | 35 (100%) | 42 (100%) | |
Human NPH | 41 (2.8%) | 1427 (21.0%) | 1468 (17.8%) | |
Mix | 1 (0.1%) | 10 (0.1%) | 11 (0.1%) | |
Humalog Mix 25 | 1 (100%) | 3 (30%) | 4 (36.4%) | |
Humalog Mix 50 | 0 (0%) | 2 (20%) | 2 (18.2%) | |
Humulin 70/30 | 0 (0%) | 4 (40%) | 4 (36.4%) | |
NovoMix 30 | 0 (0%) | 1 (10%) | 1 (9.1%) | |
Missing | 279 | 4201 | 4480 | |
Basal insulin – Total daily dose (U/day) | < 0.001 | |||
Mean (SD) | 22.14 (13.74) | 27.68 (15.49) | 26.73 (15.35) | |
Missing | 238 | 3866 | 4104 | |
Basal insulin – Total daily dose per kilogram (U/Kg/day) | < 0.001 | |||
Mean (SD) | 0.36 (0.19) | 0.42 (0.22) | 0.41 (0.21) | |
Missing | 344 | 4111 | 4455 | |
Basal insulin–Number of daily injections | < 0.001 | |||
Mean (SD) | 1.20 (0.80) | 1.53 (1.51) | 1.48 (1.42) | |
Missing | 236 | 3858 | 4094 | |
Bolus insulin prescription | 1363 (79.2%) | 5699 (51.8%) | 7062 (55.5%) | < 0.001 |
Bolus insulin class | < 0.001 | |||
Short-acting analog | 831 (61.0%) | 4446 (78.0%) | 5277 (74.7%) | |
Aspart | 439 (52.8%) | 2357 (53.0%) | 2796 (53.0%) | |
Glulisine | 159 (19.1%) | 1100 (24.7%) | 1259 (23.9%) | |
Lispro | 233 (28.0%) | 989 (22.2%) | 1222 (23.2%) | |
Ultra-short acting analog | 507 (37.2%) | 629 (11.0%) | 1136 (16.1%) | |
Fiasp | 507 (100%) | 629 (100%) | 1136 (100%) | |
Human Regular | 25 (1.8%) | 624 (10.9%) | 649 (9.2%) | |
Missing | 357 | 5308 | 5665 | |
Bolus insulin – Total daily dose (U/day) | < 0.001 | |||
Mean (SD) | 19.93 (18.61) | 23.45 (23.43) | 22.77 (22.61) | |
Missing | 1068 | 8323 | 9391 | |
Bolus insulin – Total daily dose per kilogram (U/Kg/day) | 0.566 | |||
Mean (SD) | 0.34 (0.30) | 0.36 (0.37) | 0.36 (0.35) | |
Missing | 1123 | 8413 | 9536 | |
Bolus insulin – Correction factor 24 h | < 0.001 | |||
Mean (SD) | 52.77 (30.00) | 47.92 (59.52) | 48.83 (55.23) | |
Missing | 1124 | 8428 | 9552 | |
Bolus insulin – Carbohydrate/insulin ratio | 0.076 | |||
Mean (SD) | 13.91 (9.60) | 14.53 (21.53) | 14.41 (19.84) | |
Missing | 1123 | 8424 | 9547 | |
TBD/TDD (%) | 0.015 | |||
Mean (SD) | 55 (17) | 57 (18) | 56 (18) | |
Missing | 1094 | 8417 | 9511 | |
Oral anti-diabetics prescription | 110 (6.4%) | 1464 (13.3%) | 1574 (12.4%) | < 0.001 |
Oral anti-diabetics class | < 0.001 | |||
Metformin | 46 (41.8%) | 760 (51.9%) | 806 (51.2%) | |
Sulfonylureas | 0 (0.0%) | 62 (4.2%) | 62 (3.9%) | |
Glitazones | 1 (0.9%) | 7 (0.5%) | 8 (0.5%) | |
DPP4 inhibitors | 7 (6.4%) | 26 (1.8%) | 33 (2.1%) | |
GLP1 agonists | 4 (3.6%) | 19 (1.3%) | 23 (1.5%) | |
SGLT2 inhibitors | 20 (18.2%) | 81 (5.5%) | 101 (6.4%) | |
Acarbose | 1 (0.9%) | 6 (0.4%) | 7 (0.4%) | |
Metformin + Sulfonylurea | 0 (0.0%) | 149 (10.2%) | 149 (9.5%) | |
Metformin + SGLT2 inhibitors | 15 (13.6%) | 131 (8.9%) | 146 (9.3%) | |
Metformin + DPP4 inhibitors | 5 (4.5%) | 51 (3.5%) | 56 (3.6%) | |
Other combination drugs | 11 (10.0%) | 172 (11.7%) | 183 (11.6%) |