Table 1 ASPR, ASMR and ASDR of diabetes mellitus in adolescents and young adults in 1990 and 2021, and change from 1990 to 2021 at the global and regional level. Abbreviations: ASPR, age-standardized prevalence rate; ASMR, age-standardized death rate; ASDR, age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rates; SDI, sociodemographic index; UI, uncertainty interval; AAPC, average annual percent change; CI, confidence interval

1990

2021

1990

2021

1990

2021

Global

501.47 (392.6 to 625.83)

944.8 (767.52 to 1146.73)

2.1 (1.94 to 2.25)

0.56 (0.5 to 0.63)

0.55 (0.48 to 0.61)

-0.06 (-0.21 to 0.09)

65.63 (54.11 to 81.5)

87.89 (68.31 to 113.61)

0.96 (0.86 to 1.06)

High SDI region

431.66 (353.11 to 520.14)

997.1 (822.5 to 1181.84)

2.75 (2.69 to 2.8)

0.27 (0.26 to 0.29)

0.21 (0.2 to 0.22)

-0.83 (-1.21 to -0.44)

41.27 (32.98 to 52.2)

65.25 (46.57 to 90.42)

1.5 (1.42 to 1.57)

High-middle SDI region

473.7 (360.46 to 604.52)

993.3 (799.1 to 1219.13)

2.5 (2.26 to 2.74)

0.35 (0.31 to 0.4)

0.23 (0.21 to 0.25)

-1.38 (-1.75 to -1)

48.91 (38.65 to 64.27)

66.86 (46.63 to 93.68)

1.08 (0.86 to 1.3)

Middle SDI region

549.09 (422.73 to 692.15)

967.58 (780.85 to 1177.93)

1.9 (1.7 to 2.12)

0.5 (0.46 to 0.57)

0.44 (0.4 to 0.48)

-0.42 (-0.58 to -0.27)

64.24 (52.03 to 81.82)

81.27 (61.78 to 107.44)

0.74 (0.54 to 0.94)

Low-middle SDI region

490.87 (389.35 to 609.71)

919.25 (732.79 to 1129.73)

2.02 (1.97 to 2.07)

0.73 (0.63 to 0.85)

0.63 (0.54 to 0.72)

-0.44 (-0.73 to -0.14)

77.18 (64.12 to 94.33)

92.71 (72.9 to 119.81)

0.59 (0.47 to 0.7)

Low SDI region

494.43 (398.13 to 603.83)

882.2 (716.01 to 1073.99)

1.88 (1.87 to 1.9)

1.15 (0.96 to 1.37)

0.96 (0.79 to 1.14)

-0.61 (-0.76 to -0.47)

108.47 (90.41 to 129.69)

115.26 (92.53 to 142.68)

0.2 (0.11 to 0.3)

Andean Latin America

268.93 (213.24 to 328.9)

460.97 (366.31 to 563.88)

1.76 (1.7 to 1.82)

0.35 (0.29 to 0.41)

0.28 (0.23 to 0.35)

-0.76 (-1.64 to 0.13)

38.55 (31.43 to 47.48)

44.2 (34.18 to 56.39)

0.51 (0.3 to 0.73)

Australasia

305.83 (278.16 to 339.02)

481.2 (415.06 to 562.5)

1.46 (1.42 to 1.5)

0.16 (0.14 to 0.17)

0.09 (0.08 to 0.1)

-1.4 (-2.43 to -0.35)

26.79 (20.86 to 34.65)

31.05 (22.11 to 43.24)

0.56 (0.18 to 0.95)

Caribbean

663.1 (541.92 to 801.74)

1132.28 (918.49 to 1365.93)

1.74 (1.72 to 1.75)

1.24 (1.03 to 1.52)

1.34 (0.97 to 1.82)

0.24 (-0.44 to 0.93)

125.56 (103.61 to 151.91)

158.37 (122.68 to 204.02)

0.77 (0.34 to 1.19)

Central Asia

365.05 (291.5 to 449.11)

591.45 (475.82 to 721.79)

1.56 (1.51 to 1.61)

0.57 (0.53 to 0.63)

0.7 (0.61 to 0.81)

0.58 (0.15 to 1)

59.66 (51.37 to 70.32)

80.31 (66.26 to 97.42)

0.91 (0.67 to 1.16)

Central Europe

169.26 (137.73 to 206.55)

219.26 (169.61 to 282.91)

0.83 (0.8 to 0.86)

0.26 (0.25 to 0.27)

0.15 (0.14 to 0.16)

-1.88 (-2.47 to -1.29)

26.92 (23.46 to 31.73)

22.01 (17.33 to 28.28)

-0.61 (-0.73 to -0.49)

Central Latin America

755.03 (606.05 to 930.6)

1066.12 (851.24 to 1313.4)

1.11 (1.07 to 1.16)

0.78 (0.75 to 0.81)

0.67 (0.6 to 0.73)

-0.53 (-1.64 to 0.6)

95.94 (80.39 to 117.57)

104.37 (82.76 to 133.95)

0.26 (-0.19 to 0.71)

Central Sub-Saharan Africa

534.19 (432.56 to 653.76)

1031.07 (837.26 to 1245.73)

2.14 (2.04 to 2.23)

1.31 (0.98 to 1.71)

1.16 (0.82 to 1.54)

-0.44 (-0.65 to -0.23)

121.22 (94.03 to 152.88)

137.4 (102.45 to 178.58)

0.36 (0.29 to 0.43)

East Asia

607.07 (447.19 to 787.99)

1590.84 (1276.69 to 1956.24)

3.27 (2.97 to 3.57)

0.29 (0.25 to 0.37)

0.16 (0.13 to 0.19)

-1.99 (-2.34 to -1.64)

51.63 (37.99 to 72.57)

91.44 (58.62 to 133.32)

1.95 (1.73 to 2.16)

Eastern Europe

235.44 (183.84 to 296.08)

283.87 (219.64 to 360.09)

0.61 (0.56 to 0.65)

0.45 (0.43 to 0.46)

0.42 (0.39 to 0.45)

-0.19 (-1.14 to 0.77)

43.86 (39.07 to 50.55)

44.5 (38.35 to 52.54)

0.07 (-0.51 to 0.65)

Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa

417.04 (342.98 to 498.52)

585.31 (481.24 to 705.99)

1.09 (1.06 to 1.12)

1.52 (1.24 to 1.81)

1.17 (0.97 to 1.38)

-0.84 (-0.94 to -0.74)

130.36 (108.15 to 152.82)

114.64 (95.84 to 137.98)

-0.41 (-0.49 to -0.33)

High-income Asia Pacific

464.83 (365.2 to 577.02)

1186.44 (939.59 to 1444.95)

3.05 (2.99 to 3.11

0.31 (0.27 to 0.36)

0.08 (0.07 to 0.09)

-4.26 (-4.75 to -3.78)

45.93 (35.85 to 58.88)

66.76 (43.72 to 99)

1.21 (1.1 to 1.32)

High-income North America

433.35 (357.38 to 524.12)

953.72 (819.83 to 1103.23)

2.57 (2.51 to 2.63)

0.28 (0.27 to 0.29)

0.33 (0.32 to 0.35)

0.52 (-0.27 to 1.31)

41.66 (33.53 to 52.52)

70.84 (53.95 to 93.56)

1.7 (1.39 to 2.02)

North Africa and Middle East

413.21 (326.79 to 509.84)

1000.8 (793.73 to 1228.99)

2.89 (2.83 to 2.95)

0.54 (0.44 to 0.74)

0.46 (0.38 to 0.59)

-0.45 (-0.79 to -0.12)

61.15 (48.77 to 83.09)

86.63 (64.42 to 117.4)

1.13 (0.97 to 1.29)

Oceania

1027.95 (845.26 to 1242.67)

2009.22 (1667.9 to 2416.19)

2.19 (2.05 to 2.34)

1.49 (0.83 to 2.2)

1.75 (1.23 to 2.41)

0.49 (0.36 to 0.62)

158.41 (103.61 to 216.69)

228.12 (167.35 to 307.01)

1.18 (0.86 to 1.49)

South Asia

554.93 (439.37 to 693.06)

1011.98 (799.99 to 1256.96)

1.93 (1.88 to 1.99)

0.65 (0.56 to 0.77)

0.5 (0.42 to 0.59)

-0.76 (-1.36 to -0.16)

74.55 (60.75 to 95.11)

87.6 (65.76 to 116.3)

0.53 (0.26 to 0.8)

Southeast Asia

372.5 (294.5 to 460.67)

488.76 (383.54 to 606.4)

0.9 (0.55 to 1.25)

0.77 (0.64 to 0.93)

0.61 (0.51 to 0.71)

-0.77 (-0.92 to -0.62)

74.34 (61.7 to 89.04)

69.13 (56.47 to 84.59)

-0.23 (-0.35 to -0.12)

Southern Latin America

244.63 (209.2 to 285.06)

400.6 (316.06 to 501.25)

1.6 (1.57 to 1.63)

0.31 (0.29 to 0.33)

0.21 (0.19 to 0.23)

-1.3 (-1.74 to -0.87)

34.24 (29.06 to 40.7)

35.09 (26.82 to 46.22)

0.05 (-0.23 to 0.33)

Southern Sub-Saharan Africa

474.21 (375.37 to 591.15)

716.08 (568.06 to 887.17)

1.32 (1.26 to 1.38)

0.7 (0.58 to 0.83)

0.85 (0.69 to 1.01)

0.6 (0.2 to 0.99)

75.15 (61.23 to 92.36)

98.76 (78.81 to 121.81)

0.85 (0.58 to 1.12)

Tropical Latin America

398.1 (311.78 to 493.33)

518.43 (399.48 to 653.91)

0.86 (0.81 to 0.9)

0.77 (0.73 to 0.81)

0.57 (0.54 to 0.6)

-0.77 (-1.49 to -0.04)

75.65 (67.09 to 86.6)

67.78 (56.9 to 83.31)

-0.24 (-0.79 to 0.32)

Western Europe

440.34 (358.29 to 531.11)

913.72 (727.12 to 1116.07)

2.36 (2.3 to 2.42)

0.19 (0.19 to 0.2)

0.08 (0.08 to 0.09)

-2.72 (-3.24 to -2.18)

36.2 (27.58 to 47.61)

52.27 (34.3 to 76.44)

1.14 (1.03 to 1.25)

Western Sub-Saharan Africa

490.14 (391.72 to 600.86)

913.66 (734.67 to 1112.64)

2.04 (2.01 to 2.07)

0.95 (0.74 to 1.17)

0.92 (0.65 to 1.15)

-0.16 (-0.26 to -0.06)

94.59 (74.87 to 115.6)

114.13 (86.38 to 145.7)

0.61 (0.5 to 0.71)