Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants categorized by BMI
Variables | Normal weight (n = 5163) | Overweight (n = 2504) | Obesity (n = 931) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), mean ± SD | 60.11 ± 9.47 | 57.76 ± 8.66 | 56.85 ± 8.19 |  < 0.001a |
Age ≥ 60 years, n (%) | 2477 (48.0%) | 980 (39.1%) | 324 (34.8%) |  < 0.001b |
Men, n (%) | 2676 (51.8%) | 1015 (40.5%) | 294 (31.6%) |  < 0.001b |
Married, n (%) | 4207 (81.5%) | 2178 (87.0%) | 804 (86.4%) |  < 0.001b |
Rural residence, n (%) | 3638 (70.5%) | 1489 (59.5%) | 518 (55.6%) |  < 0.001b |
Education level, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.001b |
 No formal education | 1605 (31.1%) | 673 (26.9%) | 257 (27.6%) |  |
 Primary school | 2198 (42.6%) | 973 (38.9%) | 356 (38.2%) |  |
 Middle or high school | 1236 (23.9%) | 754 (30.1%) | 289 (31.0%) |  |
 College or above | 124 (2.4%) | 104 (4.2%) | 29 (3.1%) |  |
Smoking status, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.001b |
 Never | 2868 (55.5%) | 1695 (67.7%) | 701 (75.3%) |  |
 Former | 414 (8.0%) | 234 (9.3%) | 79 (8.5%) |  |
 Current | 1881 (36.4%) | 575 (23.0%) | 151 (16.2%) |  |
Drinking status, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.001b |
 Never | 2885 (55.9%) | 1564 (62.5%) | 632 (67.9%) |  |
 Former | 433 (8.4%) | 191 (7.6%) | 85 (9.1%) |  |
 Current | 1845 (35.7%) | 749 (29.9%) | 214 (23.0%) |  |
SBP (mmHg), mean ± SD | 126.65 ± 21.03 | 132.03 ± 21.18 | 136.17 ± 21.14 |  < 0.001a |
DBP (mmHg), mean ± SD | 73.09 ± 11.76 | 77.53 ± 11.97 | 80.52 ± 12.16 |  < 0.001a |
Diabetes, n (%) | 624 (12.1%) | 437 (17.5%) | 224 (24.1%) |  < 0.001b |
Hypertension, n (%) | 1702 (33.0%) | 1162 (46.4%) | 588 (63.2%) |  < 0.001b |
Kidney disease, n (%) | 288 (5.6%) | 151 (6.0%) | 55 (5.9%) | 0.709b |
Heart disease, n (%) | 487 (9.4%) | 329 (13.1%) | 175 (18.8%) |  < 0.001b |
HbA1c (%), mean ± SD | 5.20 ± 0.75 | 5.32 ± 0.85 | 5.45 ± 0.84 |  < 0.001a |
CRP (mg/l), median (IQR) | 0.84 (0.48, 1.85) | 1.14 (0.64, 2.16) | 1.69 (0.90, 3.36) |  < 0.001c |
eGFR, ml/min/1.73Â m2, median (IQR) | 72.46 (52.76, 94.96) | 72.91 (55.20, 97.19) | 72.87 (55.19, 95.75) | 0.117c |
BMI(kg/m2), mean ± SD | 21.03 ± 1.98 | 25.72 ± 1.13 | 30.19 ± 2.02 |  < 0.001a |
TG (mg/dl), median (IQR) | 92.93 (68.14, 131.87) | 118.15 (84.96, 170.80) | 138.95 (99.56, 190.27) |  < 0.001c |
HDL-C, mean ± SD | 54.94 ± 15.24 | 47.87 ± 12.90 | 44.60 ± 11.71 |  < 0.001a |
AIP, median (IQR) | 0.55 (0.13, 1.02) | 0.93 (0.48, 1.44) | 1.15 (0.74, 1.58) |  < 0.001c |