Fig. 3
From: The influence of insulin on diabetic retinopathy and retinal vessel parameters in diabetes

Outcomes of subgroup analyses for the impact of insulin use on the prevalence of DR
The ORs for the use of insulin on the prevalence of DR were calculated for each subgroup using logistic regression models adjusting for gender, age, gender, duration of diabetes, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, smoking, and alcohol use based on the IPTW analyses
DR: diabetic retinopathy; IPTW: inverse probability treatment weighted; DM: diabetes mellitus; BMI: body mass index; BP: blood pressure