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Table 2 Hazard ratios for all-cause and CVD mortality among patients with diabetic kidney disease in NHANES 1999 to 2018

From: Association of haemoglobin glycation index with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in diabetic kidney disease: a cohort study

 

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

 

Model

Q1

(-5.29–0.02)

Q2

(0.03–0.74)

Q3

(0.75–9.60)

P value for trend

All-cause mortality

    

Deaths/Total (n)

142/353

116/352

123/352

 

Non-adjusted Model

1.35 (0.97–1.88)

1.00 [Reference]

1.26 (0.90–1.77)

0.17

Model I

1.36 (1.00-1.84)

1.00 [Reference]

1.66 (1.18–2.33)

0.003

Model II

1.29 (0.95–1.75)

1.00 [Reference]

1.66 (1.18–2.34)

0.003

Model III

1.34 (0.99–1.82)

1.00 [Reference]

1.58 (1.13–2.22)

0.01

Model IV

1.39 (1.02–1.88)

1.00 [Reference]

1.48 (1.05–2.08)

0.01

CVD mortality

    

Deaths/Total

47/353

39/352

54/352

 

Non-adjusted Model

1.08 (0.67–1.74)

1.00 [Reference]

1.66 (0.94–2.95)

0.09

Model I

1.14 (0.74–1.77)

1.00 [Reference]

2.29 (1.30–4.02)

0.01

Model II

1.07 (0.66–1.74)

1.00 [Reference]

2.23 (1.23–4.05)

0.01

Model III

1.04 (0.64–1.68)

1.00 [Reference]

2.30 (1.30–4.09)

0.01

Model IV

1.10 (0.67–1.81)

1.00 [Reference]

2.06 (1.13–3.77)

0.03

  1. Notes:
  2. Model I: adjusted for age (continuous), sex (male or female)
  3. Model II: adjusted for Model I plus race (Mexican American, other Hispanic, non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, or other races including multi-racial), education (< 9, 9–13, ≥ 13), BMI (continuous), poverty income ratio (continuous), smoking status (never, former, current), hypertension (no, yes), CVD (no, yes), hyperlipidemia (no, yes), physical activity (inactive, active), alcohol intake (none, moderate, heavy)
  4. Model III: adjusted for Model II plus diabetes duration (< 10 years, ≥ 10 years, unknow), use of diabetes medications (other, insulin, oral medications, unknow), HEI (continuous), eGFR (continuous), hemoglobin (continuous)
  5. Model IV: adjusted for Model III plus HbA1c
  6. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HEI, healthy eating index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin A1c