Table 1 Demographic and baseline laboratory data of the studied patients
Variables | Diabetic Group (n = 78) | Control Group (n = 13) | P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (Years) (Mean ± SD) | 55.78 ± 7.36 | 48.8 ± 5.48 | 0.0016 |
Duration of Diabetes (Years) (Mean ± SD) | 10.77 ± 9.02 | 0 | - |
BMI (kg/m²) (Mean ± SD) | 30.24 ± 5.05 | 26.7 ± 3.7 | 0.0177 |
Waist circumference (cm) (Mean ± SD) | 105.35 ± 14.98 | 96.3 ± 12.8 | 0.0429 |
Smokers (Number (%)) | 40 (51.3) | 11 (84.6) | 0.0259 |
Hypertension (Number (%)) | 20 (25.6) | 3 (23.1) | 0.8485 |
Heart Disease (Number (%)) | 12 (15.4) | 0 (0) | - |
Oral Treatment only (Number (%)) | 38 (48.7) | 0 (0) | - |
Insulin Treatment only (Number (%)) | 15 (19.2) | 0 (0) | - |
Oral and Insulin Treatment (Number (%)) | 24 (30.8) | 0 (0) | - |
HbA1c (Mean ± SD) | 8.4 ± 1.6 | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 0.000 |
HOMA-IR (U/ml) (Mean ± SD) | 2.8 ± 3.8 | 1.5 ± 0.99 | 0.214 |
Vitamin D (ng/ml) (Mean ± SD) | 15.3 ± 8.3 | 28.5 ± 20.02 | 0.037 |
PTH (pg/ml) (Mean ± SD) | 56.7 ± 24.6 | 47.5 ± 15.55 | 0.196 |
CTX (ng/ml) (Mean ± SD) | 5.3 ± 5.2 | 2.8 ± 1.01 | 0.000 |
P1NP (ng/ml) (Mean ± SD) | 157.2 ± 62.4 | 101.05 ± 70.4 | 0.004 |
Osteoglycin (pg/ml) (Mean ± SD) | 13.5 ± 6.9 | 6.06 ± 3.7 | 0.000 |
DEXA Lumbar Spine (SD) (Mean ± SD) | -0.38 ± 1.3 | -0.98 ± 0.95 | 0.109 |
DEXA neck femur (SD) (Mean ± SD) | -0.32 ± 1.4 | -0.14 ± 1.4 | 0.67 |
DEXA total femur (SD) (Mean ± SD) | 0.00 ± 1.3 | -0.13 ± 1.5 | 0.743 |