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Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of participants in the STEPS study from 2007 to 2016, by obesity and dyslipidemia

From: The synergistic effect of obesity and dyslipidemia on hypertension: results from the STEPS survey

Variables

Total (n = 40,387)

General obesity (BMI)

Central obesity (WC)

Dyslipidemia

Yes(n = 9,656)

No(n = 30,051)

Yes(n = 16,182)

Yes(n = 23,564)

Yes(n = 32,258)

No(n = 8,129)

Age (year)

41.56 (11.44)

44.45 (10.84)

40.69 (11.46)

44.98 (11.08)

39.53 (11.15)

41.94 (11.41)

40.15 (11.42)

Sex

Male

18,444 (46.90)

2,788 (31.39)

15,436 (52.12)

3,402 (23.60)

14,846 (61.85)

13,835 (44.22)

4,609 (56.65)

Female

21,943 (53.10)

6,868 (68.61)

14,615 (47.88)

12,780 (76.40)

8,718 (38.15)

18,423 (55.78)

3,520 (43.35)

Residence

Urban

24,683 (69.20)

6,608 (74.67)

17,670 (67.70)

10,634 (72.12)

13,674 (67.66)

20,140 (70.35)

4,543 (65.02)

Rural

15,704 (30.80)

3,048 (25.33)

12,381 (32.30)

5,548 (27.88)

9,890 (32.34)

12,118 (29.65)

3,586 (34.98)

Physical activity

Low

16,637 (42.12)

4,445 (44.05)

11,881 (41.07)

7,498 (44.60)

8,851 (40.04)

13,574 (42.99)

3,063 (38.93)

Moderate

9,508 (24.77 )

2,307 (24.45)

7,149 (25.05)

4,101 (26.57)

5,357 (23.85)

7,719 (25.01)

1,789 (23.91)

High

13,901 (33.11)

2,893 (31.50)

10,952 (33.88)

4,567 (28.82)

9,285 (36.11)

10,706 (32.00)

3,195 (37.16)

Smoking (yes)

4,660 (11.63)

536 (6.10)

4,102 (13.56)

774 (5.39)

3,866 (15.73)

3,601 (11.51)

1,059 (12.06)

BMI (kg/m2)

26.79 (5.26)

33.83 (4.06)

24.59 (3.29)

30.90 (4.60)

24.25 (3.85)

27.34 (5.24)

24.82 (4.84)

WC (cm)

90.27 (13.59)

103.51 (10.76)

86.12 (11.57)

101.76 (9.95)

83.14 (10.26)

91.56 (13.44)

85.59 (13.11)

SBP (mmHg)

123.93 (18.21)

129.96 (19.22)

122.12 (17.48)

128.89 (19.44)

120.95 (16.71)

124.74 (18.57)

120.97 (16.50)

DBP (mmHg)

78.70 (11.84)

82.44 (11.94)

77.61 (11.56)

81.68 (11.96)

76.94 (11.39)

79.28 (11.99)

76.63 (11.06)

Hypertension (yes)

10,199 (22.34)

3,530 (34.13)

6,632 (18.80)

5,629 (32.55)

4,540 (16.17)

8,690 (23.94)

1,509 (16.54)

TC (mg/dL)

175.90 (41.80)

172.35 (40.63)

187.35 (43.37)

185.95 (44.17)

169.70 (38.97)

180.30 (44.58)

159.91 (23.38)

TG (mg/dL)

146.51 (86.18)

169.91 (92.62)

139.36 (82.88)

162.96 (92.99)

136.51 (80.20)

162.04 (90.34)

90.12 (26.60)

LDL-C(mg/dL)

105.48 (33.99)

114.40 (34.89)

102.74 (33.24)

113.23 (35.51)

100.73 (32.13)

110.50 (35.19)

87.27 (20.71)

HDL-C (mg/dL)

42.44 (11.37)

41.41 (11.46)

42.74 (11.29)

42.08 (11.46)

42.62 (11.27)

39.55 (10.03)

52.94 (9.67)

FPG (mg/dL)

95.42 (31.88)

101.47 (35.38)

93.60 (30.51)

101.17 (36.32)

91.98 (28.34)

96.92 (33.69)

90.00 (23.37)

Diabetes (yes)

4,788 (10.85)

1,780 (17.63)

2,948 (8.80)

2,939 (17.46)

1,803 (6.87)

4,239 (12.26)

549 (5.70)

Cooking oil type

Liquid

19,191 (53.80)

5,049 (56.59)

13,872 (52.75)

8,256 (55.30)

10,687 (52.66)

15,488 (54.22)

3,703 (52.29)

Solid

20,288 (44.76)

4,447 (41.73)

15,709 (45.88)

7,662 (43.18)

12,507 (45.95)

16,035 (44.36)

4,253 (46.22)

Other

596 (1.44)

149 (1.68)

441 (1.36)

246 (1.51)

344 (1.39)

486 (1.42)

110 (1.49)

Fruits consumption(average per day)

1.89 (1.35)

1.92 (1.30)

1.88 (1.36)

1.88 (1.30)

1.89 (1.38)

1.90 (1.36)

1.83 (1.29)

Vegetables consumption (average per day)

1.60 (1.23)

1.64 (1.20)

1.60 (1.24)

1.62 (1.21)

1.60 (1.25)

1.62 (1.23)

1.56 (1.21)

  1. Data are presented as Mean (Standard deviation), Frequency (% weighted), BMI: Body Mass Index, WC: Waist Circumference, SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure, DBP: Diastolic Blood Pressure, TC: Total Cholesterol, TG: Triglyceride, LDL-C: Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, HDL-C: High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, FPG: Fasting Plasma Glucose