Fig. 5

ADSC/GDM-derived sEV carrying Thbs1 induces Tgfβ and CD36 activation. A sEV^AG was co-cultured with AML12 for 48 h, and the expression of Smad2, phosphorylated Smad2 and Tgfβ was detected by western blotting. B sEV^AG was co-cultured with AML12 for 48 h, and the cell lysate was subsequently subjected to co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) with anti-Tgfβ antibodies. Thbs1 levels in co-IP products and input samples were detected. C, D AML12 cells were treated with 108 /mL sEV^AG, 2 μM ITD-1, 10 μM LSKL or a combination for 48 h. The expression of Smad2 and phosphorylated Smad2 was detected by western blotting. E Cell lysate was co-immunoprecipitated with anti-CD36 antibody. Thbs1 levels in co-IP products and input samples were detected. F AML12 cells were treated with 10⁸/mL sEV^AG, 10 μM LSKL or a combination for 48 h, followed by co-IP with anti-CD36 antibody