Table 4 Binary logistic regression of potential risk factors associations with DPN
From: The prevalence, patterns and predictors of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in a developing country
Odds ratio (95% CI) | p values | |
|---|---|---|
Gender – male female | reference 6.7 (2.0 – 9.8) | < 0.01 |
Sector of residence – urban rural | reference 1.8 (1.1 – 2.5) | <0.05 |
Household monthly income - > LKR 25,000 LKR 12,000 – 25,000 < LKR 12,000 | reference 1.5 (1.0 – 2.0) 1.4 (1.0 – 1.8) | <0.05 <0.05 |
Duration of diabetes | 1.2 (1.1 – 1.3) | <0.05 |
Triglycerides | 1.6 (1.2 – 2.0) | <0.05 |
Height | 1.8 (1.2 – 2.4) | <0.05 |
Current smoking - non-smoker smoker | reference 5.9 (1.4 – 9.7) | <0.05 |
Alcohol consumption - no yes | reference 3.0 (0.8 – 6.5) | NS |
Retinopathy – absent present | reference 2.7 (1.3 – 5.4) | <0.01 |
Nephropathy – absent present | reference 0.6 (0.1 – 2.5) | NS |
Hypertension - absent present | reference 0.8 (0.4 – 1.6) | NS |
Obesity - BMI <27.5 BMI > =27.5 | Reference 1.0 (0.5 – 1.9) | NS |
Foot ulcers – absent present | Reference 10.4 (1.8 – 16.7) | <0.01 |
Physical activity - inactive active | Reference 0.9 (0.4 – 2.3) | NS |
Drug treatment - metformin sulphonylurea | Reference 1.8 (1.1 – 2.5) | <0.05 |
Insulin – not treated with insulin treated with insulin | Reference 4.3 (1.3 – 6.9) | <0.05 |